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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2588-0101</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Евразийской науки</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">The Eurasian Scientific Journal</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «Мир науки»</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15862/37NZVN126</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://esj.today/37NZVN126.html</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">Особенности геоэкологического моделирования
природно-технических систем на базе промышленных энергетических комплексов нового типа</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Geoecological modeling of natural-technical systems
based on advanced industrial energy complexes: key features</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Кушбасов</surname>
            <given-names>Асылхан Нариманович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="ru" name-style="eastern">
              <surname>Кушбасов</surname>
              <given-names>Асылхан Нариманович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="en" name-style="western">
              <surname>Kushbasov</surname>
              <given-names>Asylkhan Narimanovich</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>asylkhan@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0028-4136</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Баденко</surname>
            <given-names>Владимир Львович</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="ru" name-style="eastern">
              <surname>Баденко</surname>
              <given-names>Владимир Львович</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="en" name-style="western">
              <surname>Badenko</surname>
              <given-names>Vladimir Lvovich</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>vbadenko@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3054-1786</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого» (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-10">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>18</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <elocation-id>37NZVN126</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-15">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-27">
          <day>27</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кушбасов Асылхан Нариманович, Баденко Владимир Львович</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kushbasov Asylkhan Narimanovich, Badenko Vladimir Lvovich</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://esj.today/37NZVN126.html">https://esj.today/37NZVN126.html</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В статье анализируется проблема геоэкологического моделирования природно-технических систем, формируемых на базе перспективных энергетических комплексов с замкнутым ядерным топливным циклом. Авторы показывают, что традиционные подходы, где природная среда либо моделируется обособленно, либо трактуется как пассивный фон для рассеивания выбросов, не обеспечивают требуемый уровень обоснования безопасности для объектов IV поколения. В связи с этим цель работы сформулирована как создание интегральной методологии, объединяющей инженерные, информационные и экологические параметры в единую управляемую модель. Для достижения цели использована методология модельно-ориентированного системного инжиниринга (MBSE) при рассмотрении энергетического комплекса в логике «системы систем» (System of Systems). Предложена пятислойная модель, в которой природный слой (атмосфера, гидросфера, литосфера) включён в контур управления как активная подсистема, а не как внешнее условие. Дополнительно разработана матрица взаимного влияния для условий замкнутого цикла, позволяющая структурировать воздействия реакторных и производственных модулей на компоненты природной среды. Показано, что выделение связующего кибер-слоя создаёт механизм интеграции разнородных данных мониторинга и даёт инструменты управления неопределённостью за счёт применения методов искусственного интеллекта. Авторы обосновывают, что предлагаемая архитектура обеспечивает сквозную прослеживаемость требований безопасности — от постановки бизнес-целей до стадий вывода из эксплуатации и утилизации. В итоге делается вывод: предложенный подход формирует теоретическую базу для цифровых двойников, способных выполнять предиктивную оценку геоэкологических рисков и поддерживать принятие решений при эксплуатации объектов атомной энергии будущего.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The article analyzes the problem of geoecological modeling of natural-technical systems formed on the basis of advanced energy complexes with a closed nuclear fuel cycle. The authors demonstrate that traditional approaches, where the natural environment is either modeled separately or treated as a passive background for emission dispersion, fail to provide the required level of safety justification for Generation IV facilities. In this regard, the aim of the study is defined as the development of an integrated methodology combining engineering, informational, and environmental parameters into a single manageable model. To achieve this goal, the Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) methodology is applied, considering the energy complex within the «System of Systems» (SoS) logic. A five-layer model is proposed, in which the natural layer (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere) is incorporated into the control loop as an active subsystem rather than an external condition. Additionally, a cross-impact matrix for closed-cycle conditions has been developed, allowing for the structuring of the impacts of reactor and production modules on the components of the natural environment. It is shown that the introduction of a connecting cyber-layer creates a mechanism for integrating heterogeneous monitoring data and provides tools for uncertainty management through the application of artificial intelligence methods. The authors substantiate that the proposed architecture ensures end-to-end traceability of safety requirements — from the definition of business goals to the decommissioning and disposal stages. Ultimately, it is concluded that the proposed approach establishes a theoretical foundation for digital twins capable of performing predictive assessments of geoecological risks and supporting decision-making during the operation of future nuclear energy facilities.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>геоэкологическое моделирование</kwd>
        <kwd>природно-технические системы</kwd>
        <kwd>промышленный энергетический комплекс</kwd>
        <kwd>замкнутый ядерный топливный цикл</kwd>
        <kwd>модельно-ориентированный системный инжиниринг</kwd>
        <kwd>система систем</kwd>
        <kwd>цифровые двойники</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>geoecological modeling</kwd>
        <kwd>natural-technical systems</kwd>
        <kwd>industrial energy complex</kwd>
        <kwd>closed nuclear fuel cycle</kwd>
        <kwd>model-based systems engineering (MBSE)</kwd>
        <kwd>system of systems (SoS)</kwd>
        <kwd>digital twins</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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